The early cantatas after Grandi were written by Italian composers, most in secular style (cantata da camera, “chamber cantata”), but some in sacred manner (cantata da chiesa, “church cantata”) and all in the vernacular language, Italian. Broadly speaking, there can be both good and bad things in the category of secular, while all things godly or are related with religion are considered to be good only. However, as with any musical form, the cantata has evolved through the years. The cantata, as developed in northern Germany in the 17th century, often relied only upon soloists and a small group of instruments, although the role of the chorus gradually became more important. All music by genre > Cantatas (secular) Cantatas (secular) Download and listen to music in high resolution. BWV 66a, 134a, Anh. The 1st work has a text by Johann Christian Gottsched. [7], Extant secular cantatas are published in the New Bach Edition (Neue Bach-Ausgabe, NBA), Series I, volumes 35 to 40, with the two Italian cantatas included in volume 41. Secular Cantata No. In its early form, cantatas referred to a music piece that is meant to be sung. secular cantata composer known for unreqruited love cantata. Such composers as Alessandro Stradella, Mario Savioni, Giovanni Legrenzi, and their students made the cantata a regular feature of aristocratic musical life in the courts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe. A second generation of cantata writers standardized the form into a chain of recitatives and da capo arias (ABA, the A section usually varied on its repetition) for one or occasionally two voices. BWV Anh. [9], In his Köthen period, Bach wrote congratulatory cantatas for his new employer, Leopold, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, usually on the Prince's birthday, or for New Year. I, that is the appendix of the lost works. The early 18th century saw a similar trend in French music, notably in the works of Louis Clérambault, Jean-Baptiste Morin, and Jean-Philippe Rameau. The earliest surviving secular cantata is the ‘Hunt’ Cantata, composed in 1713 in Weimar for the birthday of Duke Christian of Sachsen-Weißenfels. Alessandro Scarlatti was the major figure of the last main group of Italian cantata composers. ... Music App : Final Exam Review (Pt 1 & Pt 2) 100 Terms. Up to the late 17th century the cantata was predominantly a secular form, but the church cantata, which included choral movements ranging from simple chorale harmonizations to complex, extended structures, was a major feature of Lutheran music in early 18th-century Germany. Secular cantatas of love and tragedy by a Neapolitan precursor of Pergolesi, in world premiere recordings. Amore traditore). His "Coffee Cantata," composed in 1732, is a lighthearted vocal argument between a father and his headstrong daughter. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. 6, Anh. Bach's earliest cantatas are church cantatas, although his early Wedding Quodlibet is sometimes grouped with the secular cantatas. The early cantatas after Grandi were written by Italian composers, most in secular style (cantata da camera, “chamber cantata”), but some in sacred manner (cantata da chiesa, “church cantata”) and all in the vernacular language, Italian. 49 and 52), insufficient to determine whether they were intended as sacred or secular. They provided German Protestant composers with cycles of texts for sacred cantatas based on the operatic aria form. The same applies for the secular cantata precursors of the Easter Oratorio. 7, 184a, 173a and Anh. Mail Delicous MySpace. [11][12] The oldest extant secular cantata is from his Weimar period where he composed the Hunting Cantata (BWV 208, first version) for the birthday of Christian, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels on 23 February 1713. A Christmas cantata or Nativity cantata is a cantata, music for voice or voices in several movements, for Christmas.The importance of the feast inspired many composers to write cantatas for the occasion, some designed to be performed in church services, others for concert or secular celebration. The word cantata first appeared in the Italian composer Alessandro Grandi’s Cantade et arie a voce sola (Cantatas and Arias for Solo Voice; published 1620–29). In the Bach Compendium (BC), the secular cantatas are part of series G. That series also includes two cantatas known from very scant sources (Nos. Up to this point Bach's secular cantatas are generally in the Serenata format, lighthearted music with allegorical characters conversing about the excellence of the employer, and expressing their best wishes.[13]. Music 101 Study Guide #2 - Baroque Period 40 Terms. 2020. Out of what was originally a much larger number only a little more than twenty secular cantatas have … only secular cantata made by Bach. Omissions? Secular cantatas were also common in Bach’s day (e.g., his Coffee and Peasant cantatas) and afterward. Giacomo Carissimi standardized the form as a short drama in verse consisting of two or more arias with their preceding recitatives. performances of unchanged secular cantatas. Amazon Music Unlimited Amazon Music HD Amazon Music Prime Amazon Music Free Buy Music Open Web Player Settings CDs & Vinyl › World Music ... 5.0 out of 5 stars Enjoy these secular cantatas, while the Almighty takes a coffee break! Other secular cantatas are listed in BWV Anh. Johann Hasse, a German pupil of Scarlatti, took the chamber cantata to Dresden; and George Frideric Handel, among others, wrote cantatas in the Italian manner. The cantata, as developed in northern Germany in the 17th century, often relied only upon soloists and a small group of instruments, although... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Updates? The meaning of the term changed over time, from the simple single voice madrigal of the early seventeenth century, to the multi-voice “cantata da camera” and the “cantata da chiesa” of the later part of that century, from the more substantial dramatic forms of the eighteenth century to the usually sacred-texted ninete… Emmanuel Music continues to perform cycles of large-scale and chamber works by Bach, Handel, Mozart, Schubert, Brahms, Debussy, Haydn, Schoenberg, Weill, Wolf, Medelssohn, and Schumann under Artistic Director Ryan Turner. It is sortable by the cantata number which equals the number in the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis, by title, by occasion during the liturgical year, the year of composition and date of … The Coffee Cantata. Cultivation of the cantata in the 20th century has been fostered by composers such as Britten who are interested in older forms of music. The BWV numbers assigned to the secular cantatas are random with regard to chronology and occasion. In the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (BWV) the range of Nos. The word cantata is best known to many through the works of J.S. In more than 200 church cantatas written by J.S. Most of the secular cantatas are named after the first words of the libretto (incipit): The New Bach Edition groups the secular cantatas in the last seven volumes of Series I. NBA Volume 35 – Festmusiken für die Fürstenhäuser von Weimar, Weißenfels und Köthen:[23], NBA Volume 36 – Festmusiken für das Kurfürstlich-Sächsische Haus I:[25], NBA Volume 37 – Festmusiken für das Kurfürstlich-Sächsische Haus II:[27], NBA Volume 38 – Festmusiken zu Leipziger Universitätsfeiern:[29], NBA Volume 39 – Festmusiken für Leipziger Rats- und Schulfeiern / Huldigungsmusiken für Adelige und Bürger:[31], NBA Volume 40 – Hochzeitskantaten und Weltliche Kantaten verschiedener Bestimmung:[33], NBA Volume 41, Varia: Kantaten, Quodlibet, Einzelsätze, Bearbeitungen, contains, apart from various pieces of sacred vocal music and the incomplete Quodlibet, Bach's two Italian cantatas:[35], Complete recordings of the secular cantatas include those by Peter Schreier[36] and Helmuth Rilling. More options. 8 are examples of such cantatas, the oldest of which were composed on a libretto by Christian Friedrich Hunold. [8] The Bach Digital website lists 50 secular cantatas by Bach. Bach; Christ lag in Todes Banden, BWV 4 by J.S. Bach wrote or re-staged at least 36 secular cantatas in the last 25 years of his life, and around half of these were on librettos by Picander. A secular wedding cantata, BWV 202, an Italian cantata (BWV 203), and the secular model for the Störmthal cantata BWV 194 probably originated around the same period. noun. [5] Some of the secular cantatas had a plot carried by mythological figures of Greek antiquity (e.g. The cantata was introduced into France by one of Carissimi’s students, Marc-Antoine…, …subsequent development of the German cantata, which was frequently based on a chorale and, like the vocal-instrumental concerto, included vocal soloists, choir, and instruments.…. von Dieskau) (BWV 212) Year written: 1742 Text author: Picander Cantatas were in great demand for the services of the Lutheran church. Der Streit zwischen Phoebus und Pan),[6] others were almost miniature buffo operas (e.g. Celebratory or secular cantatas work well in concert. As the team completed recording the church cantatas in 2013, this means that BCJ’s performances of all of Bach’s extant cantatas – sacred and secular – are now available on disc. The intermediate stanzas are paraphrased in the texts of recitatives and arias for one or more vocal soloists, and the various movements were interwoven with the liturgical service. However, they have profound significance in our lives as we seem to divide things in our lives in these broad categories. Bach wrote sacred cantatas for funerals and weddings: he also wrote a few secular works for such occasions. some music of the first Brandenburg Concerto was adopted in a secular cantata), and Bach quite often parodied secular cantatas into church music: for instance his Christmas Oratorio opens with music originally written for a secular cantata.[10]. Share. His collegium musicum in Leipzig was the principal beneficiary of Bach’s secular music composition, including, in all likelihood, this Coffee Cantata. adamhearn. Previously, Lutheran church music had been based largely on 12th-century music with biblical texts. Secular cantatas tended for the most part to rely on solo voices, and when the chorus does make its appearance it sometimes consists only of three-part writing, as in Purcell’s setting of Abraham Cowley’s poem “If ever I more riches did desire.” Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/art/cantata-music. The term "cantata" came to be applied almost exclusively to choral works, as distinguished from solo vocal music. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). How has music shaped your spiritual journey and your views on music and spirituality? The precise nature of the two styles varied, both finally taking on characteristics of the recitative-aria combination of contemporary opera. Chalmers Clifton (Chair) Quincy Porter. A few years later, the cantata was performed again, in a modified version, for his employer Ernest Augustus I, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. Sacred and secular are two words that are generally not talked about in daily lives. The precise nature of the two styles varied, both finally taking on characteristics of the recitative-aria combination of contemporary opera. Luigi Rossi, Pietro Antonio Cesti, and especially Giacomo Carissimi were prominent 17th-century cantata composers. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Viadeo Send to a friend Favourites Gmail Hotmail Y! a metrical narrative set to recitative or alternate recitative and air, usually for a single voice accompanied by one or more instruments. The Jury. The French cantatas were usually to French texts, and in Germany, where the cantata lost its aristocratic connotations, they were in German. Corrections? In early 19th-century cantatas the chorus is the vehicle for music more lyric and songlike than in oratorio, not excluding the possibility of a brilliant climax in a fugue as in Ludwig van Beethoven's Der glorreiche Augenblick, Carl Maria von Weber's Jubel-Kantate, and Felix Mendelssohn's Die erste Walpurgisnacht. Bach THE MASS Masses--settings of the parts of the traditional Catholic ordinary--are also an important part of Baroque music, although much less so than in the Renaissance. Bach,…, …Baroque successor to the madrigal—the cantata—which originated as a secular form for solo voice with instrumental accompaniment. Peasant Cantata)[3] or in Italian (e.g. Many secular cantatas were composed for events in the nobility. Much of the choral music familiar to contemporary audiences is on a grander scale. For most of the others at least the libretto survives. A Free Song, by William Schuman. composed secular cantatas as well. Apart from his hundreds of church cantatas, Johann Sebastian Bach wrote secular cantatas in Weimar, Köthen and Leipzig, for instance for members of the Royal-Polish and Prince-electoral Saxonian family (e.g. JS Bach: Secular Cantatas, BWV201, 205 & 21. “Which shaped which?” There’s a means by which one can encounter faith and spirituality through music. Bach’s Sacred Cantatas Within the output of certain composers there are seminal groups of works whose sheer volume has ensured for them neglect out of all proportion to their value. From 1714 Bach integrated da capo arias into his church works. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Other secular cantatas are in the range of the church cantatas (BWV 1–200), most of them with an "a", "b" or "c" index added to the number of a church cantata while the cantatas share the same music. Bach, although he called them by such older terms as motetto, concerto, or ode (the name cantata was applied by 19th-century editors) and rejected the superficial style that often characterized the form. Bach. This is also reflected in the transmission of the sources: only two of these Cantatas, BWV 173a (Durchlauchť ster Leopold) and BWV 134a (Die Zeit , die Tag und Jahre machi), have survived in sources including both the text and music, and of the six cantatas (BWV 66a, BWV 184a, BWV 194a, and BWV Anh. [9][13] From 1723 until his death in 1750 Bach was employed as Thomaskantor in Leipzig: the bulk of his around 20 extant secular cantatas originated in this period. Bach, the body of works that stands at the very heart of his output. The Duke was a passionate huntsman and Bach’s work was performed during a birthday banquet held at the Prince’s hunting lodge. A cantata is a vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir. Even for these cantatas the music can sometimes be reconstructed, based on the church cantatas that were derived from them. Akademie für Alte Musik Berlin, RIAS Kammerchor Both sacred and secular vocal works survive but have been very little known beyond libraries. Alfred Wallenstein. During his early Leipzig years (1723–25) he developed the so-called chorale cantata, which begins with an elaborate choral fantasy on the first stanza of a hymn and closes with a simple harmonization of the last stanza in which the congregation presumably joined. Coffee Cantata). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Winners in Music. [4] Many of the secular cantatas were lost, but for some of these the text and the occasion are known, for instance when Picander later published their libretto (e.g. Anton Bruckner composed several Name-day cantatas, a Festive Cantataand two secula… The new cantata, Preise dein Glücke, gesegnetes Sachsen, BWV 215, is a substantial work, and it is not surprising that Bach, with only a few days to produce it, had recourse to earlier compositions: the only parts that were written completely from scratch were the recitatives, the soprano aria (seventh movement) and the final chorus. Toolet039. [37] Also Masaaki Suzuki devoted a series of recordings to the secular cantatas. We do not consciously divide our world into sacred and secular, but this dichotomy is a result of centuries of religious thinking and teachings. 2. In a sense it is a pity that they have been lumped under the (unhistoric) generic title of 'cantatas' because so many of them stand well apart from the church works. This is a sortable list of the Bach cantatas, the cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach. Trauer-Ode),[1] or other public or private occasions (e.g. However, thi… Bach wrote secular music for entertainment. [9] Less than half of Bach's known secular cantatas survive with music. Cantatas are meant for worship, not the concert stage. Barbara Strozzi. Sacred cantatas for the liturgy or other occasions were not only composed by Bach but also by Dieterich Buxtehude, Christoph Graupner, Gottfried Heinrich Stölzel and Georg Philipp Telemann, to name a few. Peter Schreier's box set of the complete secular cantatas (Brilliant Classics, 2000 release at Discogs), Peter Schreier's box set of the complete secular cantatas (Brilliant Classics, 2006 release at Amazon), Helmut Rilling's recordings of Bach's secular cantatas at prestoclassical, Helmut Rilling's box set of the complete secular cantatas at arkivmusic, List of Bach's secular cantatas at classical.net, "Bach's Secular Cantata Texts" by Ian F. Finlay in, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_secular_cantatas_by_Johann_Sebastian_Bach&oldid=999272571, Secular cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach, Lists of compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Homage (Leipzig, city of science and commerce), Congratulation on acquiring a manor (Hennicke), Wedding (G. E. Stahl jr. x J. E. Schrader), Congratulation on acquiring a manor (von Dieskau), Incomplete (not always grouped with cantatas), Extant (not necessarily grouped with cantatas), Extant (sacred; attribution to Bach doubtful), BWV deest: Serenade (7 October 1739, lost: mentioned in contemporary newspapers). BWV 208a Was mir behagt, ist nur die muntre Jagd! Occasions for Bach's secular cantatas written in Leipzig included Birthdays and name days for successive prince-electors of Saxony and other rulers, and their relatives, of principalities and duchies in Saxony, and similar occasions for academics of the university of Leipzig. The list includes both extant cantatas and, as far as known, lost cantatas. Emmanuel Music is a Boston-based ensemble of singers and instrumentalists founded in 1970 by Craig Smith to perform the complete sacred cantatas of J.S. 11–12). The greatest Loosely defined today, a cantata is a vocal work with multiple movements and instrumental accompaniment; it can be based on either a secular or sacred subject. In his Leipzig period part of Bach's secular cantata production is no longer in the Serenata format, but rather dramma per musica, implying a dramatic plot beyond mythological figures congratulating or paying homage to the person in whose honour the cantata was written. Harmonia Mundi: HMM931544.45. No more notable example exists than that of the cantatas of J.S. There were precursors of the cantata in earlier strophic arias (in which the melody for each strophe, or stanza, was varied over a constant bass) and such earlier vocal works of chamber proportion as the late madrigals of Claudio Monteverdi. The Jury. Mendelssohn even combined the cantata with the symphony in the so-called symphony-cantata Lobgesang (1840; Hymn of Praise), whereas the 20th-century English composer Benjamin Britten gave the title Spring Symphony (1949) to a work that is actually a cantata. The great Viennese composers wrote cantatas, usually for a particular event—e.g., Mozart’s Die Maurerfreude (Masonic Joy)—but the form gradually declined. Lass, Fürstin, lass noch einen Strahl : BWV 198 ; Der Friede sei mit dir : BWV 158 Catalog Record Only The 1st work is a secular cantata; the 2nd is sacred. RECOMMENDED MUSIC: Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140 by J.S. From about 1800 the style of the cantata became increasingly free, and the term was often applied to any fairly large work for solo voice or voices, chorus, and orchestra, from Beethoven’s Der glorreiche Augenblick (The Glorious Moment) onward. Congratulation cantatas included in the volume: This page was last edited on 9 January 2021, at 09:58. Georg Philipp Telemann, with his 12 cycles of cantatas for each Sunday and holiday, represents this trend. Reviewed in the United States on August 2, 2016. Share: Twitter Facebook Email. Cantata BWV 211 During his time in Leipzig, Bach was responsible not only for music for the church, but for a good deal of music for the community. Music Lost, mostly = 210 Schweigt stille, plaudert nicht [Coffee Cantata] (BWV 211) Scoring: S, T, B, fl, str, bc Year written: 1734 1735 Text author: Picander Mer hahn en neue Oberkeet [Peasant Cantata] (homage to C.H. 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